Ngāi Tūhoe

Ngāi Tūhoe (Māori pronunciation: [ˈŋaːi ˈtʉːhɔɛ]), often referred to simply as Tūhoe, is a prominent Māori iwi, or tribe, in New Zealand. The iwi is named after the ancestral figure Tūhoe-pōtiki and is deeply associated with its traditional homeland in the rugged and densely forested region of Te Urewera, located in the eastern part of the North Island. This area, historically significant for its natural beauty and resources, was once known as the Te Urewera National Park.

Ancestral and Spiritual Connection

The Tūhoe people are often referred to by the evocative sobriquet Nga Tamariki o te Kohu, which translates to 'the children of the mist'. This moniker reflects their deep spiritual and cultural connection to the misty, mountainous landscape of their homeland. The iwi's territory is vast, undeveloped, and characterized by its steep, heavily forested terrain, which has been central to their traditional way of life.

Settlements and Population

The main population centers within Tūhoe territory include Ruatāhuna, Waikaremoana, Waimana Valley, Ruatoki, and Tāneatua. Maungapōhatu, regarded as the inner sanctum of Te Urewera, holds particular significance as the most sacred of their ancestral mountains.

Historical Context

Tūhoe's history is marked by various significant events, including the Tūhoe–Ngāti Tūwharetoa War, in which conflicts arose with neighboring iwi such as Ngāti Whare. The iwi also played a central role in the historic Mātaatua migrations that saw the settling of various tribes across New Zealand, including Ngāti Awa and Te Whakatōhea.

In more recent history, Tūhoe was notably impacted by the controversial police raids of 2007, an event dramatized in the film Muru, directed by Tearepa Kahi. The iwi's resilience and adaptability in the face of external pressures have been foundational to their continued cultural vitality and self-determination.

Cultural Festivals

Te Hui Ahurei a Tūhoe is a cultural festival established in 1971 by John Rangihau to celebrate and preserve Tūhoe identity and culture. The festival features kapa haka performances and other traditional expressions, highlighting the iwi's rich cultural heritage.

Settlement and Redress