Henry Kissinger
Henry Kissinger
Henry Alfred Kissinger (May 27, 1923 – November 29, 2023) was an influential American diplomat and political scientist. He served as the United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the administrations of President Richard Nixon and President Gerald Ford. Kissinger played a pivotal role in shaping U.S. foreign policy during the late 20th century.
Early Life and Education
Kissinger was born in Fürth, Germany and emigrated to the United States in 1938 to escape Nazi persecution. He attended Harvard University, where he completed his PhD in political science and later became a faculty member.
Political Career
National Security Advisor
In 1969, Kissinger was appointed as the National Security Advisor by President Nixon. He was a key architect of the policy of détente with the Soviet Union and opened diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China. His secretive and strategic approach to diplomacy was often referred to as Realpolitik.
Secretary of State
Kissinger was appointed as the United States Secretary of State in 1973, a role he served in until 1977. During his tenure, he played a crucial role in the negotiations to end the Vietnam War, leading to the Paris Peace Accords. His efforts earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in 1973, although it was a controversial award given the ongoing conflict.
Kissinger's Controversies
Despite his accolades, Kissinger's career is marred by significant controversies. He has been accused of supporting repressive regimes and sanctioning covert operations that led to human rights abuses. His involvement in Operation Condor and the coup against Chilean President Salvador Allende are particularly notable. These actions have been the subject of extensive critique, including in Christopher Hitchens' book, The Trial of Henry Kissinger.
Post-Government Career
After leaving public office, Kissinger founded Kissinger Associates, an international geopolitical consulting firm. He also authored numerous books on diplomacy and international relations, including the seminal work Diplomacy.
Personal Life
Kissinger was married to Nancy Kissinger in 1974. The couple remained together until his death.