Gihon
Gihon
Gihon River
The Gihon River is one of the four rivers mentioned in the Book of Genesis. Along with the Tigris, Euphrates, and Pishon, the Gihon is described as branching from a single river that flows out of the Garden of Eden. According to biblical texts, the Gihon encircles the entire land of Cush.
Gihon Spring
The Gihon Spring is a significant water source located in the Kidron Valley. This spring is historically known as the Fountain of the Virgin and Saint Mary's Pool. It was the main source of water for the ancient city of Jerusalem and played a critical role in its defense network. The spring feeds into the Pool of Siloam via the Siloam Tunnel, an engineering marvel traditionally attributed to King Hezekiah.
Historical and Biblical Significance
City of David
The City of David is a significant archaeological site located to the south of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The Gihon Spring was central to this ancient city's water supply and its defense mechanisms. The city's strategic placement near the spring ensured a reliable water source, which was essential during sieges.
Warren's Shaft
Warren's Shaft is an ancient vertical shaft connected to the Gihon Spring. Discovered by British engineer Charles Warren in 1867, this shaft was part of the water supply system that provided Jerusalem with essential water resources during the Bronze and Iron Ages.
Valley of Josaphat
The Valley of Josaphat is another name for the Kidron Valley, where the Gihon Spring is located. This valley is of immense historical and religious significance, often mentioned in biblical texts.
Geographical Context
Kidron Valley
The Kidron Valley runs between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives. It has been historically significant, serving as a burial ground and the site for numerous historical events. The Gihon Spring, located within this valley, has been a vital water source for the region.
Cultural Impact
Rhythmic Springs
The Gihon Spring is classified as a rhythmic or intermittent spring, meaning its flow varies, sometimes ceasing and then restarting. This unique characteristic has linked it to other well-known rhythmic springs, such as the Intermittent Spring in Wyoming.
Local Rulers
In Okinawa, Gihon was the name of a legendary local ruler who succeeded his father, Shunbajunki, as the third and last ruler of the Shunten dynasty.