Intermittent Spring
An Intermittent Spring, also known as a rhythmic spring or periodic spring, is a unique type of cold water spring characterized by its cyclical flow pattern. Unlike perennial springs, which flow continuously throughout the year, intermittent springs exhibit a remarkable ebb and flow cycle, with water flow starting and stopping at regular intervals. This phenomenon is a fascinating subject in the study of hydrology.
Location and Significance
One of the most famous examples of an intermittent spring is located in Swift Creek Canyon in the Star Valley near Afton, Wyoming. Known as the Intermittent Spring or Periodic Spring, this natural wonder is the largest rhythmic spring in the world. It attracts visitors and researchers who are intrigued by its unique behavior and geological significance.
Geological Mechanism
The cyclic nature of intermittent springs is often attributed to underground siphoning actions. When water fills a subterranean chamber, it begins to overflow to the surface through a natural siphon. Once the chamber is empty, the flow stops until the chamber fills again. This process is similar to the mechanism observed in karst springs, where underground channels and reservoirs significantly influence water discharge.
Research and Discovery
The Intermittent Spring in Wyoming was discovered by the great-great-grandfather of Rulon Gardner, a notable individual from the area. During logging activities, he stumbled upon this natural anomaly, which has since been studied by various research entities.
Studies conducted by the University of Utah have analyzed the spring's water, focusing on its gas content and other properties. These studies are crucial for understanding the precise mechanisms driving the periodicity of the spring's flow.
Other Notable Intermittent Springs
Globally, intermittent springs can be found in various locations, often situated in regions with significant geological activity. The Gihon Spring in ancient Jerusalem is another prominent example, which has played a vital role in the area's historical human settlement.
Springs like the Fonts Ufanes in the Campanet municipality also display intermittent characteristics, contributing to the diverse manifestations of this natural phenomenon.