Council Of Europe
Council of Europe
The Council of Europe (CoE) is a pan-European international organization that aims to uphold human rights, democracy, and the rule of law across the continent. Established on 5 May 1949, the Council of Europe is distinct from the European Union, although the two share certain goals and collaborate on various initiatives.
Founding and Development
The Council of Europe was founded in the aftermath of World War II, by ten western European countries: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. It was designed to promote greater unity among European nations and provide a platform for dialogue and cooperation.
Structure and Functions
Parliamentary Assembly
The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) serves as its deliberative body. It comprises delegations from the parliaments of member states, offering a forum for debate on issues affecting Europe and beyond.
Committee of Ministers
The Committee of Ministers acts as the Council's decision-making body, comprising the foreign ministers of each member state or their permanent diplomatic representatives.
European Court of Human Rights
One of the key organs of the Council is the European Court of Human Rights, which ensures the enforcement of the European Convention on Human Rights. Individuals can bring cases before the Court, alleging breaches of their rights by member states.
Congress of Local and Regional Authorities
The Congress of Local and Regional Authorities is another key institution, fostering regional democracy and engagement with local governance issues.
Membership
The Council of Europe currently has 46 member states, encompassing almost all European countries. It is open to any European state that seeks to promote the Council's ideals and is willing to accept the principle of the rule of law and guarantee democratic freedoms to its citizens.
Partial Agreements
The Council operates several "Partial Agreements," allowing for cooperation on specific issues among a subset of members. This flexible framework facilitates collaboration in areas like public health and cultural heritage.
Symbolism
The Flag of Europe, consisting of a circle of twelve golden stars on a blue field, was originally adopted by the Council of Europe in 1955. It symbolizes unity and harmony among Europeans.