Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990

Republic Act No. 6975, also known as the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990, is a significant legislative measure in the Philippines. Enacted on December 13, 1990, this act restructured the administrative functions and responsibilities of several key public safety institutions in the country.

Establishment of the Philippine National Police

One of the most notable outcomes of Republic Act No. 6975 was the creation of the Philippine National Police (PNP). Before this act, the Philippine police services were divided between the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police. Republic Act No. 6975 merged these entities to establish a single national police force. This restructuring aimed to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of police services, bringing them under civilian control within the administrative framework of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG).

Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

The act also led to the establishment of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP). These bureaus were created to ensure specialized focus on fire prevention, firefighting, and jail management—functions previously managed by fragmented agencies. By consolidating these services under the DILG, Republic Act No. 6975 sought to create more cohesive and responsive public safety institutions.

Role of the National Police Commission

The National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM) was another key component of this legislative reform. The commission was granted enhanced authority to oversee the administration and operation of the PNP. This included the capacity to investigate police irregularities and administer disciplinary action, thereby ensuring accountability within the national police force.

Consolidation and Strengthening of Local Government Units

Republic Act No. 6975 also aimed to enhance the capabilities of local government units (LGUs) in maintaining peace and order. By placing various public safety functions under the DILG's administrative supervision, the act facilitated a more coordinated and unified approach between national and local authorities.

Amendments and Further Developments

The legislative framework established by Republic Act No. 6975 has been subject to amendments to address evolving needs and challenges. One such amendment is Republic Act No. 9263, which further professionalized the BFP and BJMP. Additionally, Republic Act No. 8551 was enacted to refine the powers and responsibilities of the NAPOLCOM and the PNP.