Nagasaki City
Nagasaki City
Nagasaki City (長崎市, Nagasaki-shi) is the capital and largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū in Japan. Known as the "Long Cape," its name reflects its geographical features. With an estimated population of 392,281 as of February 2024, Nagasaki is a city steeped in history and cultural diversity, marked by its unique position as a port city and its tragic role during World War II.
Historical Background
Nagasaki's history is deeply intertwined with foreign trade and cultural exchange. The city's origins as a significant port date back to 1569, when Ōmura Sumitada granted a permit for a harbor to accommodate Portuguese ships. By 1571, the port was established under the oversight of the Jesuit missionary Gaspar Vilela and Portuguese Captain-Major Tristão Vaz de Veiga.
This early period of exchange saw Nagasaki transform into a vibrant, diverse port city, with Portuguese influence evident in local culture. Portuguese goods like tobacco, textiles, and castella (a type of sponge cake) became integrated into Japanese life.
The Era of Foreign Administration
Between 1580 and 1587, Nagasaki was under the administration of the Society of Jesus, making it a unique blend of Japanese and European influence. This period is sometimes referred to as Portuguese Nagasaki, highlighting the city's role as a hub for Catholic missionaries.
The Atomic Bombing
One of the most significant events in Nagasaki's history is its bombing during World War II. On August 9, 1945, the city became the target of the second atomic bombing by the United States, three days after the bombing of Hiroshima. This event led to the deaths of approximately 40,000 people instantaneously, with the toll eventually rising to over 70,000 due to injuries and radiation sickness.
Today, the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum stands as a somber reminder of this tragedy, dedicated to promoting peace and educating future generations on the horrors of nuclear warfare.
Cultural Heritage and Modern Nagasaki
Despite its tragic past, Nagasaki has emerged as a city full of cultural heritage and modern vibrancy. The city is known for its historical sites, such as the remnants of the Glover Garden and the Oura Church, which reflect its rich history of foreign influence and the legacy of early Christian missionaries.
Nagasaki also celebrates its diverse cultural landscape through events such as the Nagasaki Lantern Festival, showcasing its blend of Japanese, Chinese, and European cultures.