The Principality of Monaco
Monaco, officially known as the Principality of Monaco, is a sovereign city-state and microstate located in Western Europe. Nestled on the French Riviera, this semi-enclave is bordered by France on three sides—north, east, and west—and has the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It is a mere 15 kilometers from the Italian region of Liguria.
Monaco is renowned for its small geographical size, covering an area of only 2.08 square kilometers, making it the second smallest sovereign state in the world after Vatican City. Despite its tiny footprint, Monaco boasts a population of 38,423, thus earning the title of the most densely populated sovereign state in the world. The principality also holds the distinction of having the world's shortest national coastline at just 3.83 kilometers.
Language and Demographics
The principality's official language is French, but Italian and Monégasque are also widely spoken and understood. Interestingly, fewer than 10,000 of Monaco's residents are Monégasque nationals, with many expatriates and foreign nationals calling this affluent enclave home.
Government and Politics
Monaco is a semi-constitutional monarchy with Prince Albert II acting as the head of state. Despite being a monarchy, the prince holds substantial political powers. The head of government is the prime minister, who can be either a Monégasque or a French citizen. However, the monarch consults with the Government of France before appointing the prime minister.
Cultural and Economic Aspects
Monaco is famed for its luxury, wealth, and high standard of living. It is home to lavish events such as the Monaco Grand Prix and the Monte Carlo Casino, drawing tourists and high-net-worth individuals from around the globe. The principality also has a strong banking sector and serves as a tax haven.
Sports
Monaco has a vibrant sports culture, most notably represented by the AS Monaco FC, a professional football club that competes in the French football league system. Additionally, the AS Monaco Basket represents the principality in professional basketball, further showcasing Monaco's commitment to sports.