Marrakesh Treaty
Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled
The Marrakesh Treaty is an international agreement formulated under the auspices of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) aimed at improving access to published works for people who are blind, visually impaired, or print disabled. This landmark treaty was adopted on June 27, 2013, in Marrakesh, Morocco, and came into force on September 30, 2016.
Objectives and Scope
The primary objective of the Marrakesh Treaty is to create a set of mandatory limitations and exceptions to traditional copyright laws, enabling the production and international exchange of accessible formats such as Braille, large print, and audio books. It seeks to address the global "book famine" faced by the print-disabled community, wherein only a tiny fraction of published materials are available in formats they can read.
Key Provisions
Limitations and Exceptions
The treaty obliges signatory countries to incorporate specific limitations and exceptions into their national copyright laws. These allow authorized entities, such as libraries and educational institutions, to reproduce and distribute accessible format copies without the need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder.
Cross-Border Exchange
One of the most significant features of the Marrakesh Treaty is its provision for the cross-border exchange of accessible format works. This means that an accessible version of a book made in one country can be shared with eligible individuals or organizations in another, thus expanding the availability of accessible books internationally.
Beneficiaries
The treaty specifically benefits people who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print disabled. This includes individuals who are unable to hold or manipulate a book or who cannot focus or move their eyes to the extent that would be normally acceptable for reading.
Significance
The Marrakesh Treaty represents a significant shift in international copyright law by prioritizing accessibility and inclusivity. It underscores the idea that improving accessibility for some can enhance accessibility for all, as better access to literature and information can foster greater participation in society for people with disabilities.
Implementation
Countries that are party to the Marrakesh Treaty are required to amend their national laws to align with the treaty's provisions. This has led to legislative changes in many countries, enhancing legal and practical frameworks for producing and sharing accessible format works. As of now, numerous countries, including major players like the United States of America, are parties to the treaty, reflecting a widespread commitment to enhancing access to information and culture.