Jurassic Coast
The Jurassic Coast, also known as the Dorset and East Devon Coast, is a World Heritage Site on the English Channel coast of southern England. This remarkable coastal stretch spans approximately 96 miles (155 kilometers) from Exmouth in East Devon to Studland Bay in Dorset. It is renowned for its outstanding natural beauty and its rich geological and fossil record, which provides a nearly continuous insight into the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods—covering around 185 million years of geological history.
Geological Significance
The Jurassic Coast is celebrated for its exceptional geographical features and the wealth of paleontological finds it offers. The coastal erosion here has exposed a sequence of rock formations that deliver vital insights into Earth's history. It is one of the few places where the geological time scale can be visibly traced due to the diverse sedimentary rock layers.
Key Landforms
Some of the most iconic natural structures along the coast include:
- Golden Cap: At 627 ft (191 m), this is the highest point on the Jurassic Coast and the entire south coast of Britain.
- Durdle Door: A natural limestone arch, which is one of the most photographed and admired features.
- Lulworth Cove: Notable for its unique cove and the folded rocks visible in the area.
- Isle of Portland: A tied island known for its quarries and distinct geology.
- Chesil Beach: A classic example of a tombolo and a storm beach, formed by the strong waves of the English Channel.
Paleontological Importance
The Jurassic Coast is a treasure trove for paleontologists and researchers. The fossil record here is extraordinarily rich, revealing the preserved remains of various creatures that lived during different geological epochs. The fossils found include remains of marine reptiles, ammonites, and prehistoric plants. This invaluable fossil repository has significantly advanced the study of earth sciences and continues to attract both professional researchers and amateur fossil hunters.
Cultural and Natural Heritage
Besides its scientific significance, the Jurassic Coast is also a part of Britain's cultural heritage. It has inspired writers, artists, and filmmakers. For instance, the landscape of the Jurassic Coast inspired the setting for the popular television series Broadchurch. Additionally, it is considered one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the UK.
The Jurassic Coast is not only a window into the distant past but also an area of outstanding natural beauty, drawing visitors from around the world who wish to experience its dramatic cliffs, distinctive landforms, and rich biodiversity.