Conversion and Early Writings of John Calvin
Conversion
The conversion of John Calvin marks a pivotal moment in the history of the Protestant Reformation. Calvin's transition to Protestantism is not only a key aspect of his personal life but also significantly influenced his later theological works and the spread of Reformed theology. The exact timeline of his conversion has been a topic of scholarly debate. While some propose around 1533 as the year of conversion, aligning it with his resignation from the chaplaincy, others, like T. H. L. Parker, argue for an earlier date, possibly late 1529 or early 1530.
Calvin's own account, found in his "Commentary on the Book of Psalms," describes his conversion as a sudden transformation initiated by God. He expressed this moment as God subduing and bringing his mind to a teachable frame, despite being hardened in such matters from an early age. This portrayal aligns with the Calvinist view of divine intervention and predestination, key elements in Calvin's later theological framework.
Early Writings
Following his conversion, Calvin began producing a prolific body of theological works that would lay the foundation for Calvinism. His early writings reflect his deep commitment to the principles of Reformation and his profound theological insights, which were heavily influenced by his conversion experience.
One of his most notable early works is the "Institutes of the Christian Religion," initially published in 1536. In it, Calvin outlines the foundational principles of Protestant theology, emphasizing the authority of Scripture, the nature of God, and the doctrine of justification by faith. Calvin argued that Scripture is "autopiston" or self-authenticating, defending the Trinitarian view of God while opposing the Catholic Church's use of religious images, which he viewed as leading to idolatry.
Calvin's writings, through their clarity and logical coherence, appealed to many and contributed significantly to the spread of Protestant ideas across Europe. His works provided a theological backbone to the Reformation movement, influencing not only religious thought but also the social and political landscapes of the time.
Influences and Collaborations
Calvin's early theological journey was shaped by his interactions with other reformers. His relationship with William Farel, a key figure in the Reformed Church in French-speaking Switzerland, was particularly significant. Farel's insistence that Calvin remain in Geneva to assist with the Reformation efforts was a turning point in Calvin's life, leading to a long-lasting collaboration that furthered the Reformed cause.
Calvin's writings and thoughts were also influenced by earlier theologians like Saint Augustine, whose ideas on soteriology and repentance deeply impacted Calvin's doctrinal development. Calvin's emphasis on the total depravity of man and the necessity of divine grace reflects Augustine's foundational influence.