VisionOS
VisionOS is an extended reality operating system developed by Apple Inc. primarily derived from iPadOS and its core frameworks, including UIKit, SwiftUI, ARKit, and RealityKit. It incorporates mixed-reality-specific frameworks that facilitate features such as foveated rendering and real-time interaction. VisionOS was developed for exclusive use on the Apple Vision Pro, a mixed reality headset designed for immersive, spatial computing experiences.
Historical Development
The conceptualization of VisionOS dates back to the 2010s and continued through the early 2020s under the internal codename Borealis. It was officially unveiled at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference 2023 (WWDC23) alongside the Vision Pro headset. The announcement indicated a release date set for early 2024. Initially, the operating system was anticipated to be named xrOS, but the name was altered to VisionOS shortly before its public presentation.
Features and Frameworks
VisionOS is built on advanced frameworks and technologies, primarily drawing from Apple's existing software ecosystems. The operating system supports a three-dimensional user interface, distinguishing it from traditional two-dimensional platforms. It is designed to enhance spatial computing experiences, integrating seamlessly with Apple's existing technology stack:
- UIKit and SwiftUI provide the foundation for user interface development.
- ARKit and RealityKit facilitate augmented and mixed reality experiences.
- MR-specific frameworks are incorporated for specialized tasks such as foveated rendering, which optimizes rendering performance by concentrating detail where the user is looking.
Integration and Ecosystem
VisionOS is integrated into Apple's ecosystem, aligning with other operating systems like iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS. The operating system supports applications through the App Store, where developers are encouraged to create "vision apps" or "spatial computing experiences" rather than using conventional terms like "augmented reality" or "mixed reality."
Collaborative Prospects
At the announcement event, The Walt Disney Company declared its intent to develop spatial computing applications for VisionOS. These plans include offering stereoscopic 3D streaming for selected titles and creating immersive 3D environments based on iconic locations from Disney-owned franchises, such as the El Capitan Theatre.
Design and User Interface
VisionOS introduces a design language influenced by the aesthetics of Apple's platforms, known as Liquid Glass, a fluid and glass-like interface design. This design was first introduced across multiple Apple operating systems, including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, and watchOS.