Tun Abdul Razak Hussein

Tun Haji Abdul Razak bin Hussein (March 11, 1922 – January 14, 1976) was a prominent Malaysian lawyer and politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1970 until his death in 1976. Renowned as the "Father of Development," Abdul Razak played a crucial role in shaping modern Malaysia, particularly through his initiatives in rural and national development.

Early Life and Education

Born in Pekan, Pahang, Federated Malay States (now Malaysia), Abdul Razak was the son of a dignified Malay family. His education began at the local Malay schools and continued at the prestigious Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He later pursued legal studies in the United Kingdom, earning his law degree from Lincoln's Inn.

Political Career

Abdul Razak's political journey began when he joined the Malayan Civil Service in 1950. He rapidly advanced in his career, joining the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in 1955. His pivotal role in negotiating Malaysia's independence from British rule in 1957 was a testament to his diplomatic skills and commitment to national sovereignty.

Deputy Prime Minister and Ministerial Roles

As the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence from 1957 to 1970, Abdul Razak was instrumental in developing the country's defense policies. He also served as the Minister of Rural Development from 1959 to 1969. This period proved crucial as he initiated the 'Red Book' economic strategy, which laid the groundwork for rural development and poverty alleviation.

Prime Ministerial Tenure

Abdul Razak became Prime Minister following the resignation of Tunku Abdul Rahman in 1970. His tenure focused on affirmative action policies known as the New Economic Policy (NEP). The NEP aimed to eradicate poverty and restructure societal imbalances, fostering economic growth through industrialization and diversification.

Legacy and Contributions

Abdul Razak's contributions to Malaysian society extended beyond politics. His visionary leadership led to the establishment of institutions such as Universiti Tun Abdul Razak, a testament to his commitment to education and development. He was also instrumental in initiating the policy of promoting Malaysian unity and harmony.

Personal Life and Family

Abdul Razak was married to Rahah Noah, and the couple had five children, including Najib Razak, who would later become Malaysia's sixth Prime Minister. His family remains influential in Malaysian politics and business.