Skidder

A skidder is a specialized type of heavy equipment used in logging operations to pull cut trees out of the forest. This process is known as skidding. Skidders play a crucial role in modern forestry, enhancing efficiency by facilitating the movement of timber from the cutting site to a landing area where logs are consolidated for further processing or transport.

Historical Development

The concept of skidding timber dates back to the early days of logging, where simple forms of skidders were pulled by teams of oxen, horses, or mules. These early skidders would straddle felled logs, using tongs to raise the log ends, allowing them to skid along the ground as they were pulled forward.

Modern skidders have evolved significantly from these traditional methods. Their development paralleled advancements in heavy machinery and industrial technologies, including the introduction of steam and later, diesel-powered engines.

Types of Skidders

There are primarily two types of skidders used in the logging industry today: cable skidders and grapple skidders.

Cable Skidder

The cable skidder utilizes a winch and cables to pull logs. This method is reminiscent of the old steam donkeys, utilizing cables to drag felled logs over long distances. Cable skidders are versatile and can be used in a variety of terrains, making them a staple in the logging industry.

Grapple Skidder

The grapple skidder employs a hydraulic grapple system to secure and move logs. This can either be a boom-mounted grapple or a clambunk grapple located at the back of the frame. The hydraulic system allows for greater precision and control, making grapple skidders highly efficient in operations where exact log placement is necessary.

Importance in Logging

Skidders are vital in the timber industry for reducing manual labor and increasing the speed and efficiency of logging operations. They play a key role in minimizing the ecological impact of logging by reducing the need for road construction within forests.

Relation to Other Equipment

Skidders are part of a larger family of logging and heavy machinery including feller bunchers, harvesters, forwarders, and logging trucks. Each of these machines is designed to perform specific functions in the logging process, with skidders primarily focused on the transportation of logs from the felling site to a central location.