National Council of Slovakia

The National Council of the Slovak Republic, known in Slovak as "Národná rada Slovenskej republiky" (NR SR), acts as the unicameral national parliament of Slovakia. Established on October 1, 1992, it stands as the principal legislative body within the nation, located in the capital city of Bratislava, adjacent to the historical Bratislava Castle in Alexander Dubček Square.

Structure and Function

Comprising 150 members, the National Council is elected by universal suffrage through a system of proportional representation with seats distributed based on the largest remainder method using the Hagenbach-Bischoff quota. Elections occur every four years, ensuring democratic representation.

As the sole constitutional and legislative body in Slovakia, the Council's responsibilities include proposing and approving the constitution, constitutional amendments, and other legislative initiatives. A vote of no-confidence in the cabinet or its members requires an absolute majority (76 votes). Additionally, a qualified majority of three-fifths (at least 90 votes) is necessary for adopting a constitution or a constitutional statute.

Leadership

The Council is headed by a Speaker, a role that is pivotal in managing parliamentary proceedings. As of March 26, 2025, Richard Raši holds this position. The Speaker, along with deputy speakers, is elected and can be recalled by an absolute majority within the Council.

Historical Context

The National Council's roots can be traced to various historical incarnations of the Slovak National Council, which functioned as an organizational body during different periods of the 19th and 20th centuries. It became a pivotal institution following Slovakia's declaration of independence and the dissolution of Czechoslovakia.

Legislative Process

The legislative process within the National Council is robust, involving the creation of standing committees that scrutinize legislative proposals. These committees play a decisive role in shaping and refining laws before they are presented for general debate and voting.

Related Entities

President of Slovakia: The president is elected by the National Council and serves as the head of state.
Prime Minister of Slovakia: Typically the leader of the majority party or coalition, the prime minister is appointed following elections in the National Council.
Government of Slovakia: The executive branch that works in tandem with the National Council to implement laws and policies.
National Bank of Slovakia: Slovakia's central bank, playing a crucial role in the economic landscape influenced by parliamentary decisions.

Elections

Recent elections for the National Council were held in 2020 and 2023. Each election elects 150 representatives from party lists, reflecting the dynamic political landscape of Slovakia.