Nathanael and Bartholomew the Apostle
Nathanael, also traditionally identified as Bartholomew, is a figure mentioned in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. He is recognized as one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, an important group of early followers who played a significant role in the spread of early Christianity.
Identification of Nathanael with Bartholomew
Nathanael is mentioned specifically in the Gospel of John, where he is introduced as a friend of Philip the Apostle. Jesus refers to Nathanael as a "true Israelite, in whom there is no deceit." Most scholars and theologians suggest that Nathanael is the same individual as Bartholomew, who is listed among the apostles in the Synoptic Gospels — Gospel of Matthew, Gospel of Mark, and Gospel of Luke — as well as in the Acts of the Apostles.
Role in the New Testament
The identification of Nathanael with Bartholomew arises from the nature of how apostles are mentioned across different texts. In the Gospel of John, Nathanael's calling by Jesus is a significant moment, highlighting Jesus's foreknowledge and divine insight into his character. Meanwhile, Bartholomew is consistently listed as one of the apostles in the Synoptic Gospels, but without specific narratives describing his actions or calling by Jesus.
As a member of the Twelve Apostles, Bartholomew's presence underscores the collective group of followers integral to the teachings and mission of Jesus. The Twelve Apostles, which include notable figures such as Saint Peter, James the Greater, and John the Apostle, are commemorated for their evangelical efforts and foundational roles in the emerging Christian church.
Later Traditions
In later Christian traditions, both Nathanael and Bartholomew are celebrated for their missionary activities. Bartholomew is venerated in various Eastern and Western Christian traditions, and his feast day is observed as the Feast of Saint Bartholomew. There are various apocryphal texts, such as the Book of Bartholomew, that offer additional, post-biblical narratives regarding his life and works, though these are not considered canonical.