Kermanshah Province
Kermanshah Province, located in the western part of Iran, is one of the country's 31 provinces and shares a border with Iraq. The province's capital is the city of Kermanshah, which serves as a central hub for the region. Kermanshah Province is part of Region 4 according to the segmentation by the Iranian Ministry of Interior, with the region's central secretariat situated in the city of Kermanshah.
Geography and Demographics
Kermanshah Province is renowned for its mountainous landscape, typical of the broader Zagros Mountains region. The province is home to a diverse population predominantly composed of Shia Muslims. However, there are significant minorities of Sunni Muslims and Yarsani peoples, reflecting the ethnic and religious diversity characteristic of the region. The cultural fabric of Kermanshah is enriched by its Kurdish heritage, with Kurdish being one of the primary languages spoken.
Historical Significance
Kermanshah boasts a rich Paleolithic heritage, with numerous archaeological sites such as the caves at Bisetun and others located north of Kermanshah city. Notably, the Bisitun Cave is the site where the first known physical remains of Neanderthal man in Iran were discovered.
The region has endured various historical upheavals. It suffered significant damage during the Arab invasions but flourished during the Safavid period. However, it faced devastation again during the Afghan attack and the subsequent Ottoman invasion. In more recent history, Kermanshah Province was a frontline during the Iran–Iraq War, experiencing heavy fighting and significant destruction.
Administrative Divisions
Kermanshah Province includes several counties, with Kermanshah County being the most prominent. The province is also home to other significant cities and towns, contributing to its role as a key regional center in western Iran. The Kermanshah Nabi Akram Corps is a notable military unit stationed within the province, responsible for commanding all Corps and Basij units in the area.
Economy and Culture
The economy of Kermanshah Province is diverse, with agriculture, industry, and trade playing crucial roles. The province's cultural heritage is reflected in its traditional crafts, including Kurdish rug weaving, which has been practiced in regions like Siirt, Malatya, and Bitlis.
Despite its historical challenges, Kermanshah Province remains a vibrant region with a rich cultural and historical identity, contributing significantly to the overall tapestry of Iran's national heritage.