Jesus in Christianity
Jesus is the central figure of Christianity, a monotheistic religion that recognizes him as the Son of God and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Hebrew Bible, known to Christians as the Old Testament. His life and teachings are foundational to Christian faith.
The Life and Ministry of Jesus
According to the New Testament, Jesus was born in Bethlehem to Mary, a virgin betrothed to Joseph. The accounts of his life are primarily recorded in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.
Jesus began his public ministry around the age of 30, preaching the coming of the Kingdom of God and performing numerous miracles, such as healing the sick, casting out demons, and raising the dead. He also taught in parables and stressed the importance of love, humility, and forgiveness.
Crucifixion and Resurrection
Jesus' teachings attracted a following but also led to opposition from the Jewish religious leaders and the Roman authorities. He was arrested, tried, and sentenced to death by crucifixion under the Roman governor Pontius Pilate. According to Christian belief, Jesus' death served as a sacrificial atonement for the sins of humanity.
The resurrection of Jesus, as recounted in the New Testament, is a cornerstone of Christian faith. Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion, appearing to his disciples and many others over a period of forty days before ascending into heaven.
Jesus' Divinity and Humanity
Christian theology asserts Jesus' dual nature as both fully divine and fully human—a doctrine formalized in the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD. This belief is a distinguishing feature of Chalcedonian Christianity.
The Role of Jesus in Salvation
In Christian soteriology, Jesus is both the redeemer and the mediator between God and mankind. His life, sacrificial death, and resurrection provide the means for humanity's salvation—offering eternal life to those who believe in him and accept his teachings.
The Impact of Jesus on Christianity and Beyond
Jesus' influence extends beyond Christianity. In Islam, Jesus (known as Isa) is regarded as a prophet and the Messiah, though not divine. His life and teachings have also had a profound impact on art, culture, and history, inspiring countless works of Christian art, literature, and music.