Erfurt, Germany
Erfurt is the capital and largest city of the central German state of Thuringia. With a population of around 216,000, Erfurt is a city rich in history and culture, making it a significant urban center in Germany. The city is strategically located in the wide valley of the River Gera, in the southern part of the Thuringian Basin, and north of the Thuringian Forest.
Historical Significance
Erfurt boasts one of the best-preserved medieval city centers in Germany. A notable landmark is the Merchants' Bridge, or Krämerbrücke, a rare medieval bridge with houses built upon it. The Erfurt Cathedral Hill is another significant site, housing both the Erfurt Cathedral and St. Severus' Church. The cathedral contains the world's largest free-swinging medieval bell.
Erfurt was also the site of the infamous Erfurt Latrine Disaster of 1184, a disastrous event during which a large gathering at a local church fell through the floor into the cesspit below.
Jewish Heritage
Erfurt's Old Synagogue is the oldest standing synagogue in Europe and forms part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site named the Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt. The site also includes the Erfurt Mikveh, rediscovered in 2007, and the Stone House.
Economy and Education
The city's economy is driven by agriculture, horticulture, and microelectronics. Due to its central location, Erfurt has become a logistical hub for both Germany and central Europe.
Erfurt is home to the University of Erfurt, a public institution that has played a significant role in the academic and cultural life of the city since it was re-established in 1994.
Transportation
The Erfurt–Weimar Airport connects the city to various European destinations, while the extensive rail and road networks link Erfurt to other major German cities.
Sport
Erfurt is represented in sports through FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt, a football club with a history dating back to a cricket club founded in 1895.
Timeline
Significant events in the timeline of Erfurt include the establishment of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Erfurt in 741, and its subsequent absorption into another diocese in 755.