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Educational Perennialism

Educational Perennialism is a normative educational philosophy that emphasizes the importance of timeless truths and universal principles. Rooted in Perennial Philosophy, it advocates for an education system focused on developing rational thought and cultivating an understanding of the core ideas and themes that have stood the test of time.

Historical Context

Educational perennialism draws heavily from the ideas of the Great Books of the Western World program, which was popularized by figures such as Mortimer J. Adler. It reflects a commitment to a curriculum centered around classic works of literature, philosophy, and science—works that are believed to contain universal truths about human nature and society. This approach suggests that education should be the same for everyone, irrespective of individual differences, as the fundamental truths are considered applicable to all.

Core Principles

  1. Universal Truths: Educational perennialism posits that there are permanent studies that are universal across cultures and generations. These include math, language, logic, and the natural sciences.

  2. Rational Thought: The philosophy emphasizes developing the learner's reasoning abilities. This is achieved through the study of classical texts and engagement with the enduring questions of human existence.

  3. Moral Development: It is believed that exposure to the Great Books and philosophical debates helps students develop a moral framework that is universally valid.

  4. Structured Curriculum: Unlike progressive education, perennialism advocates for a structured and rigorous curriculum that includes the study of classic works and the foundational disciplines.

Comparison to Other Philosophies

Educational perennialism is often compared to Educational Essentialism, another philosophy that calls for a core curriculum focused on essential knowledge and skills. However, while essentialism emphasizes preparing students for practical demands, perennialism focuses on intellectual and moral development through timeless ideas.

Additionally, it contrasts sharply with progressive educational philosophies that prioritize student-centered learning and adaptability to contemporary societal changes.

Notable Figures

  • Mortimer J. Adler: A key proponent of educational perennialism, he was instrumental in developing and popularizing the Great Books program and advancing the philosophy through his writings and lectures.

  • Robert Maynard Hutchins: Another influential figure in the promotion of perennialism, known for his advocacy of a classical liberal arts education.

Influence in Modern Education

While educational perennialism may be less prevalent in contemporary educational discourse, its influence persists in various educational institutions, particularly those with a classical education focus. It remains a guiding philosophy in several private schools and higher education institutions that emphasize a liberal arts education.

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