Ceylon Civil Service

The Ceylon Civil Service (CCS) was the elite administrative body of British Ceylon, which is modern-day Sri Lanka. Established during the British colonial period, it was the backbone of the island's administration and governance.

Historical Background

Establishment

The CCS was officially established following the recommendations of the Colebrooke–Cameron Commission in 1833. This commission was a Royal Commission of Eastern Inquiry appointed by the British Colonial Office to assess and make recommendations to improve the administration of Ceylon. The commission's recommendations led to significant administrative reforms, including the creation of the CCS.

Key Reforms by the Colebrooke–Cameron Commission

Executive and Legislative Councils: The commission recommended the establishment of the Executive Council of Ceylon and the Legislative Council of Ceylon, which were the first forms of representative government in the island.
Administrative Divisions: The commission also suggested restructuring the administrative divisions, which laid the groundwork for modern-day provinces and districts.

Evolution and Function

The CCS was staffed by British and, later, local civil servants who were responsible for the administration of the colony. It was akin to the Indian Civil Service and attracted some of the best minds of the time.

Role During British Rule

The Ceylon Civil Service played a crucial role in implementing British policies and maintaining order in the colony. They managed various administrative tasks, including revenue collection, law enforcement, and public works. The CCS was pivotal during significant events such as Ceylon in World War II, where they coordinated efforts to support the British war effort.

Post-Independence Transformation

After gaining independence from Britain in 1948, the CCS underwent several transformations. It was eventually replaced by the Sri Lanka Administrative Service, which continues to be the central administrative body in the country today.

Influence of Dutch Burghers

The Dutch Burghers, an ethnic group in Sri Lanka of mixed European descent, also played a role in the civil service. Many Dutch Burghers were well-educated and held significant positions within the CCS. They were descendants of European settlers and had a considerable influence on the administration and cultural life of the island.

Government Agent

The position of Government Agent (GA) was a crucial role within the CCS. Each GA was responsible for a district and was the highest-ranking official in that area. The GAs were appointed exclusively from the ranks of the CCS, reflecting the prestige and importance of the service.